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Introduction

Our project, Greek History Rebuilt, focused on creating 3D models of Greek objects hosted by the Perlman Teaching Museum at Carleton College. Given the Perlman's vast collection, we chose a subset of artifacts, based on object type (decorative and utilitarian) and location (Greece). This particular combination of descriptors was fitting given our group's interest in classical history.

Project Origins
As we started thinking about what we might focus on for this project, we were particularly interested by the various historical objects that Carleton has in its collections. Sam, through her work in the Archaeology Department, has had exposure to artifacts excavated on Carleton's grounds, and most of the group has had class and personal visits to the Perlman, Carleton's teaching museum. Given that many of the artifacts excavated by the Archaeology Department have already been modeled, we decided to explore Carleton's connections to past societies through the Perlman's collection. Our common interest in Greek and classical history led us to explore the objects tagged as Grecian; as we did so, we realized that not only was there fairly little information about these artifacts, some also did not have photos. We decided to model and research these objects, both as a way to learn more about Carleton's archival collections and interactions with Greek antiquity and as a way to increase the resources available to the Perlman and hopefully increase the visibility of this part of their collection.

Sources
After going through the Perlman's collections, we decided to center our project around twelve objects, all of which were definitively or potentially associated with Greece, and all of which were tagged as decorative/utilitarian objects. The artifacts are all constructed either of bronze, copper, or terra cotta, and have been sorted on this page as either metal or clay. Of the twelve items, there are two terra cotta statues, three terra cotta vases (of varying shapes and sizes), four bronze and one copper domestic items, one bowl, and a bronze figure. These artifacts encompass a range of time periods, uses, and artistic qualities, and provide a compelling diversity of focus to this project.

Process
After connecting with staff at the Perlman and ensuring that this project was feasible given our various time and resource constraints, we began photographing and modeling the objects. Our initial plan was to use a digital camera to capture photographs of each object, which we would then use to create a 3D model on the modeling platform MetaShape. However, difficulties with the coverage, lighting, and number of photographs meant that the MetaShape models were unusable. We had to pivot our approach to the project, and instead modeled the objects using Scaniverse, a mobile app that produces 3D models from video footage of objects.

Untitled, seated draped figure of woman with fan

See the item in the Perlman's Collection!
A terracotta figure of a woman with a fan and hat. She wears a himation and chiton as well, but also a tholia, a broad brimmed sun hat which here is connected with a small metal pin. She holds a fan in her hand, another standard form. Many of these figures are based on tropes from New Comedy, a theatrical style where comedy evolved to be more character driven rather than politically satiric. It was also once brightly painted, here the red is preserved particularly well on her lips and fan.
Credit: Carleton College Art Collection
Sources:
Barrow, R., & Silk, M. (2018). Gender, Identity and the Body in Greek and Roman Sculpture (1st ed.). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781139600439

Minniti, Kate. (2015). Tanagras in Cross-Cultural Context: A Study on Stylistic Variability Across the Mediterranean. In Current Research in Egyptology. Oxbow Books, Limited. http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/carleton-ebooks/detail.action?docID=2089595


Explore metal items! Explore clay items!
The main issue with MetaShape was that the software was not producing usable models at all. Some were extremely blurry, others appeared to duplicate the object, and still others were filled with holes of different sizes. In an attempt to resolve these problems, we tried rerunning the program, performing more quality checks on the images, and even making masks of the photos in hopes that this would help the image alignment, but to no avail. As a result, we met with the museum again to gather more pictures for the photogrammetry, paying close attention to the amount of the object that filled the frame, the lighting, and the amount of overlap between images to ensure that Metashape would have as few issues as possible creating clean models. Unfortunately, despite these efforts, Metashape failed to create models that we could use to create this digital collection. Thankfully, by this time we had decided to create Scanniverse models as a backup plan for if Metashape still didn't work, knowing that this may be our last chance to access the artifacts. Another issue we had with this process was the size of some of our objects. Some items, the copper ladle for example, were nigh impossible to model because it is miniscule. In those cases, we opted to use pictures we had taken of the objects to display in this collection. Once we had photographs and 3D models of our objects, we embedded them onto this site, such that they are publicly accessible to anyone interested in learning more about the Perlman's collections and the elements of Greek history housed at Carleton.
A broken model of Untitled, Ewer
First example of a Metashape model
A broken model of Untitled, Shallow Bowl
Second example of a Metashape model
Once we had photographs and 3D models of our objects, we embedded them onto this site, such that they are publicly accessible to anyone interested in learning more about the Perlman's collections and the elements of Greek history housed at Carleton.
This website was first designed using Figma, where we created this design prototype, to reach a style and organization that we all enjoyed. Afterwards we searched for a Bootstrap template that resembled that initial design and modified it to suit our needs. The creators of the template can be found credited at the footer of each page.